電子時鐘的制作與學習
電子時鐘由8位共陽數碼管、stc12c5a60s2單片機、74HC373、74hc245和三個按鍵組成。單片機的P1口接245并串電阻來驅動數碼管的位選，P2口接373來驅動數碼管的段選，還有三個按鍵接P0口來控制時分秒的加減。后續會加上時鐘芯片和備用電池做一個真正 的電子時鐘。目前這個階段想加個掉電記憶功能，來學習一下stc的EEPROM功能。
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@hello-no1
驅動數碼管經典的常規方法是通過74HC595驅動,我一般均采用這個芯片驅動,效果很好.
#include#define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned int uchar code xianshi[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8, 0x80,0x90};//共陽數碼管0到9顯示BCD碼 uchar second=0;//秒計數定義并初始化變量 uchar min=0;//分計數 uchar hour=0;//時計數 uchar m=0;//中斷計數 sbit a1=P0^0;// 秒按鍵 sbit a2=P0^1;//分按鍵 sbit a3=P0^2;//時按鍵 void delay(uchar k);//延時函數 void timechuli();//時間處理函數 void anjian();//按鍵掃描函數 void timexianshi();//時間顯示函數 void delay(uchar k) { uchar i; while((k--)!=0) { for(i=0;i<100;i++); } } void timechuli() { if(second==60) { second=0; min++; if(min==60) { min=0; hour++; if(hour==24) {hour=0;} } } } void anjian() { if(a1==0) { delay(30);//按鍵消抖 if(a1==0) { second++; } } if(a2==0) { delay(30); if(a2==0) { min++; } } if(a3==0) { delay(30); if(a3==0) { hour++; } } } void timexianshi() { P2=0x01; P1=xianshi[second%10];//顯示秒的個位 delay(5); P2=0x02; P1=xianshi[second/10];//顯示秒的十位 delay(5); P2=0x08; P1=(xianshi[min%10])|0x80;//顯示分的個位 delay(5); P2=0x10; P1=xianshi[min/10];//顯示分的十位 delay(5); P2=0x40; P1=(xianshi[hour%10])|0x80;//顯示時的個位 delay(5); P2=0x80; P1=xianshi[hour/10];//顯示時的個位 delay(5); } void timer0() interrupt 1 { TH0=(65536-45872)/256; //放入初值,11.0592M,50ms TL0=(65536-45872)%256; m++; if(m==20) { m=0; second++; } } void main() { P0=0xff; AUXR &= 0x7F; //定時器時鐘12T模式 TMOD &= 0xF0; //設置定時器模式 TMOD |= 0x01; //設置定時器模式 TH0=(65536-45872)/256; //放入初值,11.0592M,50ms TL0=(65536-45872)%256; TF0 = 0; //清除TF0標志 TR0 = 1; //定時器0開始計時 EA=1; //開總中斷 EX0=1; ET0=1; //開定時器0中斷 while(1) { timexianshi();//時間顯示函數 anjian();//按鍵掃描函數 timechuli();//時間處理函數 } }
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@lihui710884923
#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintucharcodexianshi[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};//共陽數碼管0到9顯示BCD碼ucharsecond=0;//秒計數定義并初始化變量ucharmin=0;//分計數ucharhour=0;//時計數ucharm=0;//中斷計數sbita1=P0^0;//秒按鍵sbita2=P0^1;//分按鍵sbita3=P0^2;//時按鍵voiddelay(uchark);//延時函數voidtimechuli();//時間處理函數voidanjian();//按鍵掃描函數voidtimexianshi();//時間顯示函數voiddelay(uchark){uchari;while((k--)!=0){for(i=0;i
這是電子時鐘的源代碼，寫程序時從上到下這種寫法咋樣，比如開始初始化變量，聲明子函數，然后把主函數放到最后寫。
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@lihui710884923
#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintucharcodexianshi[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};//共陽數碼管0到9顯示BCD碼ucharsecond=0;//秒計數定義并初始化變量ucharmin=0;//分計數ucharhour=0;//時計數ucharm=0;//中斷計數sbita1=P0^0;//秒按鍵sbita2=P0^1;//分按鍵sbita3=P0^2;//時按鍵voiddelay(uchark);//延時函數voidtimechuli();//時間處理函數voidanjian();//按鍵掃描函數voidtimexianshi();//時間顯示函數voiddelay(uchark){uchari;while((k--)!=0){for(i=0;i
很好，值得我學習。
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@lihui710884923
#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintucharcodexianshi[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};//共陽數碼管0到9顯示BCD碼ucharsecond=0;//秒計數定義并初始化變量ucharmin=0;//分計數ucharhour=0;//時計數ucharm=0;//中斷計數sbita1=P0^0;//秒按鍵sbita2=P0^1;//分按鍵sbita3=P0^2;//時按鍵voiddelay(uchark);//延時函數voidtimechuli();//時間處理函數voidanjian();//按鍵掃描函數voidtimexianshi();//時間顯示函數voiddelay(uchark){uchari;while((k--)!=0){for(i=0;i
學習中
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@lihui710884923
我手里有個時鐘芯片HT1381，不知程序這塊咋寫
#include "reg51.h"
#include "intrins.h"
typedef unsigned char BYTE;
typedef unsigned int WORD;
/*Declare SFR associated with the IAP */
sfr IAP_DATA = 0xC2; //Flash data register
sfr IAP_ADDRH = 0xC3; //Flash address HIGH
sfr IAP_ADDRL = 0xC4; //Flash address LOW
sfr IAP_CMD = 0xC5; //Flash command register
sfr IAP_TRIG = 0xC6; //Flash command trigger
sfr IAP_CONTR = 0xC7; //Flash control register
/*Define ISP/IAP/EEPROM command*/
#define CMD_IDLE 0 //Stand-By
#define CMD_READ 1 //Byte-Read
#define CMD_PROGRAM 2 //Byte-Program
#define CMD_ERASE 3 //Sector-Erase
/*Define ISP/IAP/EEPROM operation const for IAP_CONTR*/
//#define ENABLE_IAP 0x80 //if SYSCLK<30MHz
//#define ENABLE_IAP 0x81 //if SYSCLK<24MHz
#define ENABLE_IAP 0x82 //系統工作時鐘<20MHz 時，對IAP_CONTR 寄存器設置此值
//#define ENABLE_IAP 0x83 //if SYSCLK<12MHz
//#define ENABLE_IAP 0x84 //if SYSCLK<6MHz
//#define ENABLE_IAP 0x85 //if SYSCLK<3MHz
//#define ENABLE_IAP 0x86 //if SYSCLK<2MHz
//#define ENABLE_IAP 0x87 //if SYSCLK<1MHz
//Start address for STC11/10xx EEPROM
#define IAP_ADDRESS 0x0400
void Delay(BYTE n);//延時用
void IapIdle();//關閉iap
BYTE IapReadByte(WORD addr);
void IapProgramByte(WORD addr, BYTE dat);
void IapEraseSector(WORD addr);
void eep_main()
{
WORD i;
P1 = 0xfe; //1111,1110 System Reset OK
Delay(10); //Delay
IapEraseSector(IAP_ADDRESS); //Erase current sector
for (i=0; i<512; i++) //Check whether all sector data is FF
{
if (IapReadByte(IAP_ADDRESS+i) != 0xff)
goto Error; //If error, break
}
P1 = 0xfc; //1111,1100 Erase successful
Delay(10); //Delay
for (i=0; i<512; i++) //Program 512 bytes data into data flash
{
IapProgramByte(IAP_ADDRESS+i, (BYTE)i);
}
P1 = 0xf8; //1111,1000 Program successful
Delay(10); //Delay
for (i=0; i<512; i++) //Verify 512 bytes data
{
if (IapReadByte(IAP_ADDRESS+i) != (BYTE)i)
goto Error; //If error, break
}
P1 = 0xf0; //1111,0000 Verify successful
while (1);
Error:
P1 &= 0x7f; //0xxx,xxxx IAP operation fail
while (1);
}
/*----------------------------
Software delay function
----------------------------*/
void Delay(BYTE n)
{
WORD x;
while (n--)
{
x = 0;
while (++x);
}
}
/*----------------------------
Disable ISP/IAP/EEPROM function
Make MCU in a safe state
----------------------------*/
void IapIdle()//關閉IAP
{
IAP_CONTR = 0; //Close IAP function
IAP_CMD = 0; //Clear command to standby
IAP_TRIG = 0; //Clear trigger register
IAP_ADDRH = 0x80; //Data ptr point to non-EEPROM area
IAP_ADDRL = 0; //Clear IAP address to prevent misuse
}
/*----------------------------
Read one byte from ISP/IAP/EEPROM area
Input: addr (ISP/IAP/EEPROM address)
Output:Flash data
----------------------------*/
BYTE IapReadByte(WORD addr)//讀EEPROM數據
{
BYTE dat; //Data buffer
IAP_CONTR = ENABLE_IAP; //Open IAP function, and set wait time
IAP_CMD = CMD_READ; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM READ command
IAP_ADDRL = addr; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM address low
IAP_ADDRH = addr >> 8; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM address high
IAP_TRIG = 0x5a; //Send trigger command1 (0x5a)
IAP_TRIG = 0xa5; //Send trigger command2 (0xa5)
_nop_(); //MCU will hold here until ISP/IAP/EEPROM operation complete
dat = IAP_DATA; //Read ISP/IAP/EEPROM data
IapIdle(); //Close ISP/IAP/EEPROM function
return dat; //Return Flash data
}
/*----------------------------
Program one byte to ISP/IAP/EEPROM area
Input: addr (ISP/IAP/EEPROM address)
dat (ISP/IAP/EEPROM data)
Output:-
----------------------------*/
void IapProgramByte(WORD addr, BYTE dat)
{
IAP_CONTR = ENABLE_IAP; //Open IAP function, and set wait time
IAP_CMD = CMD_PROGRAM; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM PROGRAM command
IAP_ADDRL = addr; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM address low
IAP_ADDRH = addr >> 8; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM address high
IAP_DATA = dat; //Write ISP/IAP/EEPROM data
IAP_TRIG = 0x5a; //Send trigger command1 (0x5a)
IAP_TRIG = 0xa5; //Send trigger command2 (0xa5)
_nop_(); //MCU will hold here until ISP/IAP/EEPROM operation complete
IapIdle();
}
/*----------------------------
Erase one sector area
Input: addr (ISP/IAP/EEPROM address)
Output:-
----------------------------*/
void IapEraseSector(WORD addr)//擦除扇區
{
IAP_CONTR = ENABLE_IAP; //Open IAP function, and set wait time
IAP_CMD = CMD_ERASE; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM ERASE command
IAP_ADDRL = addr; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM address low
IAP_ADDRH = addr >> 8; //Set ISP/IAP/EEPROM address high
IAP_TRIG = 0x5a; //Send trigger command1 (0x5a)
IAP_TRIG = 0xa5; //Send trigger command2 (0xa5)
_nop_(); //MCU will hold here until ISP/IAP/EEPROM operation complete
IapIdle();
} 0
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@lihui710884923
#include"reg51.h"#include"intrins.h"typedefunsignedcharBYTE;typedefunsignedintWORD;/*DeclareSFRassociatedwiththeIAP*/sfrIAP_DATA=0xC2;//FlashdataregistersfrIAP_ADDRH=0xC3;//FlashaddressHIGHsfrIAP_ADDRL=0xC4;//FlashaddressLOWsfrIAP_CMD=0xC5;//FlashcommandregistersfrIAP_TRIG=0xC6;//FlashcommandtriggersfrIAP_CONTR=0xC7;//Flashcontrolregister/*DefineISP/IAP/EEPROMcommand*/#defineCMD_IDLE0//Stand-By#defineCMD_READ1//Byte-Read#defineCMD_PROGRAM2//Byte-Program#defineCMD_ERASE3//Sector-Erase/*DefineISP/IAP/EEPROMoperationconstforIAP_CONTR*///#defineENABLE_IAP0x80//ifSYSCLK
這是掉電記憶功能的例程，我想把電子時鐘斷電的數據保存，不知道保存那個數據，怎么把這個數據加到這個例程里
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@lihui710884923
E2prom程序這幾天就出來，非常期待，正在驗證
有現成的，其它無關的程序已經刪除，IC為HT46F47E，其它IC只需要做些相應的變化
//EECR
#define _cs _02_4
#define _sk _02_5
#define _di _02_6
#define _do _02_7
uchar _EECR @0x40;
uchar Shift(uchar buf, uchar cnt)
{
do
{
if(buf & 0x80)
_di = 1;
else
_di = 0;
_sk = 1;
buf<<=1;
if(_do)
buf |= 0x01;
else
buf &= 0xfe;
_sk = 0;
}while(--cnt);
return buf;
}
//==============================================================================
//Subroutine: ChkBusy
//Function:
//==============================================================================
void ChkBusy(void)
{
_cs = 1;
while(1)
{
_nop();
_nop();
_sk = 1;
_nop();
if(_do)
break;
_nop();
_sk = 0;
}
_sk = 0;
_cs = 0;
}
void EWEN()
{
_cs = 1;
Shift(0x80,3); //OP Code
Shift(0xc0,7);
_cs = 0;
}
void EWDS()
{
_cs = 1;
Shift(0x80,3); //OP Code
Shift(0x00,7);
_cs = 0;
}
void WRITE(uchar EEADDR,uchar EEDATA)
{
_cs = 1;
Shift(0xa0,3); //OP Code
EEADDR<<=1;
Shift(EEADDR,7); //Address
Shift(EEDATA,8); //Address
// Shift(minute,8); //Address
// Shift(hour,8); //Address
// Shift(day,8); //Address
_cs = 0;
ChkBusy();
}
uchar READ(uchar EEADDR)
{ uchar EEDATA;
uchar cnt;
cnt=8;
_cs = 1;
Shift(0xc0,3); //OP Code
EEADDR<<=1;
Shift(EEADDR,7); //Address
EEDATA = Shift(0x00,8);
// minute = Shift(0x00,8);
// hour = Shift(0x00,8);
// day = Shift(0x00,8);
_cs = 0;
return(EEDATA);
}
void motor_control()
{if(timeout==0)
{ _bp = 1;
_mp1 = 0x40;
EWEN();
_clrwdt();
WRITE(2,minute);
WRITE(3,hour);
WRITE(4,day);
_clrwdt();
EWDS();
}
}
//******************************************************
//**********************祘**************************
void main()
{
safeguard_init();
for(_mp0=0x40;_mp0<0xff;_mp0++)
{_iar0=0;}
user_init();
_clrwdt();
_bp = 1;
_mp1 = 0x40;
EWEN();
_clrwdt();
minute=READ(2);
hour=READ(3);
day=READ(4);
_clrwdt();
EWDS();
}
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@lihui710884923
斷電瞬間要加大電容才可以保存數據
#include#include //宏定義，11.0592M晶振 #define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned int #define ulong unsigned long //位定義 sbit a1=P0^0;// 秒按鍵 sbit a2=P0^1;//分按鍵 sbit a3=P0^2;//時按鍵 //數碼管顯示數組 uchar code xianshi[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8, 0x80,0x90};//共陽數碼管0到9顯示BCD碼 //變量聲明 bit Time_FLAG=0;//定義一個時間間隔標志，用來控制寫EEPROM間隔時間 uchar Sec;//秒計數定義并初始化變量 uchar Min;//分計數 uchar Hour;//時計數 uchar m=0;//中斷計數 uchar cnt=0; //定義IAP/ISP/EEPROM命令 #define CMD_IDLE 0 //空閑模式 #define CMD_READ 1 //IAP字節讀命令 #define CMD_PROGRAM 2 //IAP字節編程命令 #define CMD_ERASE 3 //IAP扇區擦除命令 #define ENABLE_IAP 0x82 //if SYSCLK<20MHz #define IAP_ADDRESS 0x0000 //定義EEPROM地址 void delay(uchar k);//延時函數 void timechuli();//時間處理函數 void anjian();//按鍵掃描函數 void timexianshi();//時間顯示函數 void IapIdle(); uchar IapReadunsigned_char(uint addr); void IapProgramunsigned_char(uint addr, uchar dat); void IapEraseSector(uint addr); void Write_EEPROM(); //---------------------------- //關閉IAP,初始化函數 //---------------------------*/ void IapIdle() { IAP_CONTR = 0; //關閉IAP功能 IAP_CMD = 0; //清除命令寄存器 IAP_TRIG = 0; //清除觸發寄存器 IAP_ADDRH = 0x80; //將地址設置到非IAP區域 IAP_ADDRL = 0; } //--------------------------- //從ISP/IAP/EEPROM區域讀取一字節 //--------------------------- uchar IapReadunsigned_char(uint addr) { uchar dat; //數據緩沖區 IAP_CONTR = ENABLE_IAP; //使能IAP IAP_CMD = CMD_READ; //設置IAP命令 IAP_ADDRL = addr; //設置IAP低地址 IAP_ADDRH = addr >> 8; //設置IAP高地址 IAP_TRIG = 0x5a; //寫觸發命令(0x5a) IAP_TRIG = 0xa5; //寫觸發命令(0xa5) _nop_(); //等待ISP/IAP/EEPROM操作完成 dat = IAP_DATA; //讀ISP/IAP/EEPROM數據 IapIdle(); //關閉IAP功能 return dat; //返回 } //---------------------------- //寫一字節數據到ISP/IAP/EEPROM區域 //---------------------------- void IapProgramunsigned_char(uint addr, uchar dat) { IAP_CONTR = ENABLE_IAP; //使能IAP IAP_CMD = CMD_PROGRAM; //設置IAP命令 IAP_ADDRL = addr; //設置IAP低地址 IAP_ADDRH = addr >> 8; //設置IAP高地址 IAP_DATA = dat; //寫ISP/IAP/EEPROM數據 IAP_TRIG = 0x5a; //寫觸發命令(0x5a) IAP_TRIG = 0xa5; //寫觸發命令(0xa5) _nop_(); //等待ISP/IAP/EEPROM操作完成 IapIdle(); } //---------------------------- //扇區擦除 //--------------------------- void IapEraseSector(uint addr) { IAP_CONTR = ENABLE_IAP; //使能IAP IAP_CMD = CMD_ERASE; //設置IAP命令 IAP_ADDRL = addr; //設置IAP低地址 IAP_ADDRH = addr >> 8; //設置IAP高地址 IAP_TRIG = 0x5a; //寫觸發命令(0x5a) IAP_TRIG = 0xa5; //寫觸發命令(0xa5) _nop_(); //等待ISP/IAP/EEPROM操作完成 IapIdle(); } void Write_EEPROM()//將數據寫入EEPROM { IapEraseSector(IAP_ADDRESS); //扇區擦除 delay(2); //延時 IapProgramunsigned_char(IAP_ADDRESS,Hour);//寫入時 delay(2); //延時 IapProgramunsigned_char(IAP_ADDRESS+1,Min);//寫入分 delay(2); //延時 IapProgramunsigned_char(IAP_ADDRESS+2,Sec); //寫入秒 } void delay(uchar k) { uchar i; while((k--)!=0) { for(i=0;i<100;i++); } } void timechuli() { if(Sec==60) { Sec=0; Min++; if(Min==60) { Min=0; Hour++; if(Hour==24) {Hour=0;} } } } void anjian() { if(a1==0) { delay(30);//按鍵消抖 if(a1==0) { Sec++; } } if(a2==0) { delay(30); if(a2==0) { Min++; } } if(a3==0) { delay(30); if(a3==0) { Hour++; } } } void timexianshi() //P2口位選 P1口段選 { P2=0x01; P1=xianshi[Sec%10];//顯示秒的個位 delay(5); P2=0x02; P1=xianshi[Sec/10];//顯示秒的十位 delay(5); P2=0x08; P1=(xianshi[Min%10])|0x80;//顯示分的個位 delay(5); P2=0x10; P1=xianshi[Min/10];//顯示分的十位 delay(5); P2=0x40; P1=(xianshi[Hour%10])|0x80;//顯示時的個位 delay(5); P2=0x80; P1=xianshi[Hour/10];//顯示時的個位 delay(5); } void timer0() interrupt 1 { TH0=(65536-45872)/256; //放入初值,11.0592M,50ms TL0=(65536-45872)%256; m++; if(m==20) { m=0; Sec++; cnt++; if(cnt==5) { Time_FLAG = 1; cnt=0; } } } void main() { P0=0xff; AUXR &= 0x7F; //定時器時鐘12T模式 TMOD &= 0xF0; //設置定時器模式 TMOD |= 0x01; //設置定時器模式 TH0=(65536-45872)/256; //放入初值,11.0592M,50ms TL0=(65536-45872)%256; TF0 = 0; //清除TF0標志 TR0 = 1; //定時器0開始計時 EA=1; //開總中斷 EX0=1; ET0=1; //開定時器0中斷 //從EEPROM讀取時間信息 Hour = IapReadunsigned_char(IAP_ADDRESS); //小時 delay(2); Min = IapReadunsigned_char(IAP_ADDRESS+1); //分鐘 delay(2); Sec = IapReadunsigned_char(IAP_ADDRESS+2); //秒鐘 delay(2); while(1) { timexianshi();//時間顯示函數 anjian();//按鍵掃描函數 timechuli();//時間處理函數 //每隔一段時間，將Time_FLAG置1，寫一次EEPROM，這個時間看你自己需求了 if(Time_FLAG==1) { Write_EEPROM();//寫EEPROM Time_FLAG = 0; //寫完EEPROM將Time_FLAG標志清0 } } }
這是寫eeprom的程序，大家可以借鑒一下，希望親們指出缺點，非常感謝
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